The convergence of big data, artificial intelligence and extreme automation has proved highly disruptive to labor markets not just in Europe, but around the world. Add to this shifting trade patterns, with globalization giving way to regionalization and supply chains in turmoil, while entire industries are being upended through the efforts to decarbonize economies and adapt to climate change, and the need to hone new skills becomes clearly unavoidable. But which skills exactly will be required? What will future labor markets even look like? And what kind of reforms to education and training systems can ease the creation and adoption of such skills?
