Demography, Employment and Migration

Demography, Employment & Migration

In a continent beset by ageing populations and a general reluctance to allow more immigration, policymaking must keep a keen eye on the dynamics between population trends, employment patterns, migration flows and the economic consequences and challenges arising from these demographic pressures. This EconPol section examines labor market dynamics, demographic change and its effects, employment trends, job creation, and the impact of technological developments on employment. The various forms of migration are a recurring theme, including international migration, labor migration, internal migration, and refugee movements, and the socio-economic implications for both sending and receiving countries.

Related articles

The Demand for Data Skills in German Companies: Evidence from Online Job Advertisements

BIG-DATA-BASED ECONOMIC INSIGHTS

Jan Büchel, Jan Engler, Armin Mertens

The analysis shows that data skills are required in many job advertisements in Germany and are becoming more relevant. This is a positive sign for the data economy in Germany, as companies increasingly realize the potential of data and try to implement it in their own operations. However, a growing demand for employees with data skills poses challenges for companies in the future in view of the existing skills gap, especially in digitalization professions. Policymakers should intervene by, for example, taking measures that make it easier for companies to recruit foreign workers.

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Skilled Workers

Higher Wages May Help Overcome the Shortage of Skilled Workers!

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Expert Opinion
There is currently intense debate in many countries about a shortage of skilled workers. For instance in Germany, despite record employment figures, according to surveys by the ifo Institute, close to 50 percent of companies say they are constrained by a shortage of skilled workers – also an all-time high. From an economic perspective, there is a simple answer to shortages: higher prices.
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Regional Income Inequality in Germany

INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE WORLD

Immo Frieden, Andreas Peichl and Paul Schüle

In this article, the authors provide new evidence on regional income inequality in Germany, using tabulated income tax statistics for the period 1998-2016. Other than related work on regional income inequality in Germany which analyzes income or wages at the county level, we can characterize inequality at the municipality level. As there currently exist 401 counties in Germany, but more than 10,000 municipalities, our analysis is conducted at a much more fine-grained level.

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How to Incentivize Tax Compliance when Households Demand Services? What Works (Better) and General Limitations

INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE WORLD

Lilith Burgstaller, Sarah Necker

During the recent crises, governments around the world have spent large amounts of public funds to limit the impact of economic downturns on citizens and corporations. The resulting pressure on public funds is highlighting the crucial need to improve tax compliance.

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